Water- and heat-activated dynamic passivation for perovskite photovoltaics

Wei-Ting Wang, Philippe Holzhey, Ning Zhou, Qiang Zhang, Suer Zhou, Elisabeth A. Duijnstee, Kevin J. Rietwyk, Jeng-Yu Lin, Yijie Mu, Yanfeng Zhang, Udo Bach, Chun-Guey Wu, Hin‐Lap Yip, Henry J. Snaith () and Shien-Ping Feng ()
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Wei-Ting Wang: City University of Hong Kong
Philippe Holzhey: University of Oxford
Ning Zhou: City University of Hong Kong
Qiang Zhang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Suer Zhou: University of Oxford
Elisabeth A. Duijnstee: University of Oxford
Kevin J. Rietwyk: Monash University
Jeng-Yu Lin: Tunghai University
Yijie Mu: City University of Hong Kong
Yanfeng Zhang: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Udo Bach: Monash University
Chun-Guey Wu: National Central University
Hin‐Lap Yip: City University of Hong Kong
Henry J. Snaith: University of Oxford
Shien-Ping Feng: City University of Hong Kong

Nature, 2024, vol. 632, issue 8024, 294-300

Abstract: Abstract Further improvements in perovskite solar cells require better control of ionic defects in the perovskite photoactive layer during the manufacturing stage and their usage1–5. Here we report a living passivation strategy using a hindered urea/thiocarbamate bond6–8 Lewis acid–base material (HUBLA), where dynamic covalent bonds with water and heat-activated characteristics can dynamically heal the perovskite to ensure device performance and stability. Upon exposure to moisture or heat, HUBLA generates new agents and further passivates defects in the perovskite. This passivation strategy achieved high-performance devices with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.1 per cent. HUBLA devices retained 94 per cent of their initial PCE for approximately 1,500 hours of ageing at 85 degrees Celsius in nitrogen and maintained 88 per cent of their initial PCE after 1,000 hours of ageing at 85 degrees Celsius and 30 per cent relative humidity in air.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07705-5

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