Two-dimensional perovskitoids enhance stability in perovskite solar cells

Cheng Liu, Yi Yang, Hao Chen, Ioannis Spanopoulos, Abdulaziz S. R. Bati, Isaiah W. Gilley, Jianhua Chen, Aidan Maxwell, Badri Vishal, Robert P. Reynolds, Taylor E. Wiggins, Zaiwei Wang, Chuying Huang, Jared Fletcher, Yuan Liu, Lin X. Chen, Stefaan Wolf, Bin Chen, Ding Zheng (), Tobin J. Marks (), Antonio Facchetti (), Edward H. Sargent () and Mercouri G. Kanatzidis ()
Additional contact information
Cheng Liu: Northwestern University
Yi Yang: Northwestern University
Hao Chen: Northwestern University
Ioannis Spanopoulos: Northwestern University
Abdulaziz S. R. Bati: Northwestern University
Isaiah W. Gilley: Northwestern University
Jianhua Chen: Northwestern University
Aidan Maxwell: University of Toronto
Badri Vishal: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Robert P. Reynolds: Northwestern University
Taylor E. Wiggins: Northwestern University
Zaiwei Wang: University of Toronto
Chuying Huang: Northwestern University
Jared Fletcher: Northwestern University
Yuan Liu: Northwestern University
Lin X. Chen: Northwestern University
Stefaan Wolf: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
Bin Chen: Northwestern University
Ding Zheng: Northwestern University
Tobin J. Marks: Northwestern University
Antonio Facchetti: Northwestern University
Edward H. Sargent: Northwestern University
Mercouri G. Kanatzidis: Northwestern University

Nature, 2024, vol. 633, issue 8029, 359-364

Abstract: Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) perovskite heterostructures have played a key role in advancing the performance of perovskite solar cells1,2. However, the migration of cations between 2D and 3D layers results in the disruption of octahedral networks, leading to degradation in performance over time3,4. We hypothesized that perovskitoids, with robust organic–inorganic networks enabled by edge- and face-sharing, could impede ion migration. We explored a set of perovskitoids of varying dimensionality and found that cation migration within perovskitoid–perovskite heterostructures was suppressed compared with the 2D–3D perovskite case. Increasing the dimensionality of perovskitoids improves charge transport when they are interfaced with 3D perovskite surfaces—this is the result of enhanced octahedral connectivity and out-of-plane orientation. The 2D perovskitoid (A6BfP)8Pb7I22 (A6BfP: N-aminohexyl-benz[f]-phthalimide) provides efficient passivation of perovskite surfaces and enables uniform large-area perovskite films. Devices based on perovskitoid–perovskite heterostructures achieve a certified quasi-steady-state power conversion efficiency of 24.6% for centimetre-area perovskite solar cells. We removed the fragile hole transport layers and showed stable operation of the underlying perovskitoid–perovskite heterostructure at 85 °C for 1,250 h for encapsulated large-area devices in ambient air.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07764-8

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