Reinventing type 2 immunity in cancer

Marek Wagner (), Hiroyoshi Nishikawa and Shigeo Koyasu ()
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Marek Wagner: Łukasiewicz Research Network–PORT Polish Center for Technology Development
Hiroyoshi Nishikawa: Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
Shigeo Koyasu: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences

Nature, 2025, vol. 637, issue 8045, 296-303

Abstract: Abstract Our understanding of type 2 immunity has undergone a substantial transformation in recent years, revealing previously unknown functions. Beyond its canonical role in defence against parasitic helminth infections, type 2 immunity safeguards the host through additional mechanisms, including the suppression of excessive type 1 immune responses, regulation of tissue repair and maintenance of adipose tissue homeostasis. However, unlike type 1 immune responses, type 2 immunity is perceived as a potential promoter of tumorigenesis. Emerging evidence challenges this perspective, painting a more nuanced picture in which type 2 immunity might protect against or even actively suppress tumour growth and progression. In this Review, we explore discoveries that highlight the potential of type 2 immunity in reshaping the landscape of cancer immunotherapies.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08194-2

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