Manipulation of the altermagnetic order in CrSb via crystal symmetry

Zhiyuan Zhou, Xingkai Cheng, Mengli Hu, Ruiyue Chu, Hua Bai, Lei Han, Junwei Liu, Feng Pan () and Cheng Song ()
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Zhiyuan Zhou: Tsinghua University
Xingkai Cheng: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Mengli Hu: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Ruiyue Chu: Tsinghua University
Hua Bai: Tsinghua University
Lei Han: Tsinghua University
Junwei Liu: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Feng Pan: Tsinghua University
Cheng Song: Tsinghua University

Nature, 2025, vol. 638, issue 8051, 645-650

Abstract: Abstract Crystal symmetry guides the development of condensed matter. The unique crystal symmetry connecting magnetic sublattices not only distinguishes altermagnetism1–6 from ferromagnetism and conventional antiferromagnetism but also enables it to combine the advantages of ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism4,5. Altermagnetic order is essentially a magnetic crystal order7, determined by the magnetic-order (Néel) vector and crystal symmetry. Previous experimental studies have concentrated on manipulating the altermagnetic symmetry by tuning the Néel vector orientations8–12. However, manipulation of the crystal symmetry, which holds great promise for manipulating the altermagnetic order, remains challenging. Here we realize the manipulation of altermagnetic order in chromium antimonide (CrSb) films via crystal symmetry. The locking between the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya vector and the magnetic space symmetry helps to reconstruct the altermagnetic order, from a collinear Néel vector to a canted one. It generates a room-temperature spontaneous anomalous Hall effect in an altermagnet. The relative direction between the current-induced spin polarization and the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya vector determines the switching modes of altermagnetic order, that is, parallel for the field-assisted mode in CrSb $$(1\bar{1}00)$$ ( 1 1 ¯ 00 ) /Pt and non-parallel for the field-free mode in W/CrSb $$(11\bar{2}0)$$ ( 11 2 ¯ 0 ) . The Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya vector induces an asymmetric energy barrier in the field-assisted mode and generates an asymmetric driving force in the field-free mode. In particular, the latter is guaranteed by the emerging Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya torque in altermagnets. Reconstructing crystal symmetry adds a new twist to the manipulation of altermagnetic order. It not only underpins the magnetic-memory and nano-oscillator technology4,5 but also inspires crossover studies between altermagnetism and other research topics.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08436-3

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