Quantum correlations of spontaneous two-photon emission from a quantum dot

Shunfa Liu, Yangpeng Wang, Yasser Saleem, Xueshi Li, Hanqing Liu, Cheng-Ao Yang, Jiawei Yang, Haiqiao Ni, Zhichuan Niu, Yun Meng, Xiaolong Hu, Ying Yu, Xuehua Wang, Moritz Cygorek and Jin Liu ()
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Shunfa Liu: Sun Yat-sen University
Yangpeng Wang: Sun Yat-sen University
Yasser Saleem: TU Dortmund
Xueshi Li: Sun Yat-sen University
Hanqing Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Cheng-Ao Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jiawei Yang: Sun Yat-sen University
Haiqiao Ni: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhichuan Niu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yun Meng: Tianjin University
Xiaolong Hu: Tianjin University
Ying Yu: Sun Yat-sen University
Xuehua Wang: Sun Yat-sen University
Moritz Cygorek: TU Dortmund
Jin Liu: Sun Yat-sen University

Nature, 2025, vol. 643, issue 8074, 1234-1239

Abstract: Abstract Spontaneous two-photon emission (STPE) is a second-order quantum radiation process with implications in astrophysics1, atomic physics2 and quantum technology3. In particular, on-demand STPE from single quantum emitters has long been predicted to revolutionize photonic quantum science and technology4,5. Here we report STPE with brightness comparable to that of competing single-photon radiation from a single semiconductor quantum dot deterministically coupled to a high-quality micropillar cavity. This is because of strong vacuum fluctuations in the microcavity, which drive a biexciton directly to the ground state. We show the quantum nature associated with STPE in the cavity quantum electrodynamics regime using photon statistics measurements. Furthermore, STPE is exploited to build unconventional entangled quantum light sources that can simultaneously achieve near-unity entanglement fidelity for spontaneous parametric down-conversion sources and on-demand photon emission for atomic quantum emitters. Our work provides insights into the two-photon process in the quantum regime, which could empower photonic quantum technology with nonlinear quantum radiation.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09267-6

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