Industry-compatible silicon spin-qubit unit cells exceeding 99% fidelity

Paul Steinacker (), Nard Dumoulin Stuyck (), Wee Han Lim, Tuomo Tanttu, MengKe Feng, Santiago Serrano, Andreas Nickl, Marco Candido, Jesus D. Cifuentes, Ensar Vahapoglu, Samuel K. Bartee, Fay E. Hudson, Kok Wai Chan, Stefan Kubicek, Julien Jussot, Yann Canvel, Sofie Beyne, Yosuke Shimura, Roger Loo, Clement Godfrin, Bart Raes, Sylvain Baudot, Danny Wan, Arne Laucht, Chih Hwan Yang, Andre Saraiva, Christopher C. Escott, Kristiaan Greve and Andrew S. Dzurak ()
Additional contact information
Paul Steinacker: University of New South Wales
Nard Dumoulin Stuyck: University of New South Wales
Wee Han Lim: University of New South Wales
Tuomo Tanttu: University of New South Wales
MengKe Feng: University of New South Wales
Santiago Serrano: University of New South Wales
Andreas Nickl: University of New South Wales
Marco Candido: University of New South Wales
Jesus D. Cifuentes: University of New South Wales
Ensar Vahapoglu: University of New South Wales
Samuel K. Bartee: University of New South Wales
Fay E. Hudson: University of New South Wales
Kok Wai Chan: University of New South Wales
Stefan Kubicek: Imec
Julien Jussot: Imec
Yann Canvel: Imec
Sofie Beyne: Imec
Yosuke Shimura: Imec
Roger Loo: Imec
Clement Godfrin: Imec
Bart Raes: Imec
Sylvain Baudot: Imec
Danny Wan: Imec
Arne Laucht: University of New South Wales
Chih Hwan Yang: University of New South Wales
Andre Saraiva: Diraq
Christopher C. Escott: Diraq
Kristiaan Greve: Imec
Andrew S. Dzurak: University of New South Wales

Nature, 2025, vol. 646, issue 8083, 81-87

Abstract: Abstract Among the many types of qubit presently being investigated for a future quantum computer, silicon spin qubits with millions of qubits on a single chip are uniquely positioned to enable quantum computing. However, it has not been clear whether the outstanding high-fidelity operations and long coherence times shown by silicon spin qubits fabricated in academic settings1–8 can be reliably reproduced when the qubits are manufactured in a semiconductor foundry9–11. Here we show precise qubit operation of silicon two-qubit devices made with standard semiconductor tooling in a 300-mm foundry environment. Of the key metrics, single- and two-qubit control fidelities exceed 99% for all four devices, and the state preparation and measurement fidelities reach up to 99.9%, as evidenced by gate set tomography. We report spin lifetime and coherence up to T1 = 9.5 s, $${T}_{2}^{* }=40.6\,{\rm{\mu }}{\rm{s}}$$ T 2 * = 40.6 μ s and $${T}_{2}^{{\rm{Hahn}}}=1.9\,{\rm{ms}}$$ T 2 Hahn = 1.9 ms . We determine that residual nuclear spin-carrying isotopes contribute substantially to operational errors, identifying further isotopic purification as a clear pathway to even higher performance.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09531-9

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