Supremum weighted log-rank test and sample size for comparing two-stage adaptive treatment strategies

Wentao Feng and Abdus S. Wahed

Biometrika, 2008, vol. 95, issue 3, 695-707

Abstract: In two-stage adaptive treatment strategies, patients receive an induction treatment followed by a maintenance therapy, given that the patient responded to the induction treatment they received. To test for a difference in the effects of different induction and maintenance treatment combinations, a modified supremum weighted log-rank test is proposed. The test is applied to a dataset from a two-stage randomized trial and the results are compared to those obtained using a standard weighted log-rank test. A sample-size formula is proposed based on the limiting distribution of the supremum weighted log-rank statistic. The sample-size formula reduces to Eng and Kosorok's sample-size formula for a two-sample supremum log-rank test when there is no second randomization. Monte Carlo studies show that the proposed test provides sample sizes that are close to those obtained by standard weighted log-rank test under a proportional hazards alternative. However, the proposed test is more powerful than the standard weighted log-rank test under non-proportional hazards alternatives. Copyright 2008, Oxford University Press.

Date: 2008
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