Transition dynamics of hybrid farmers: a survival analysis of exits and entries into full-time farming

Eleanor Johansson, Pia Nilsson and Helena Hansson

European Review of Agricultural Economics, 2024, vol. 51, issue 5, 1384-1409

Abstract: Using Swedish-matched employer–employee data from 2001 to 2018 and parametric survival analysis, we examine how the share of off-farm wage income affects survival time in the state of hybrid farming. We find a non-linear relationship between the share of off-farm wage income and the risk of exit; at lower levels, the share of off-farm wage income increases the risk of exiting agriculture completely and exiting from hybrid farming into full-time farming, while at higher levels it decreases the risk of exiting the hybrid state. This indicates that at higher levels of off-farm income, hybrid farming can be a stable state.

Keywords: hybrid farmers; off-farm wage income; farm survival; individual heterogeneity; Sweden (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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