The Association Between Anxiety and Falls: A Meta-Analysis

David John Hallford, Geoff Nicholson, Kerrie Sanders and Marita P McCabe

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 2017, vol. 72, issue 5, 729-741

Abstract: ObjectivesFalls occur frequently among older adults and can lead to a range of adverse and debilitating outcomes. Although symptoms of clinical anxiety have been implicated as risk factors for falls, there is no current consensus on the empirical association between anxiety and falls. The current study aimed to address this gap in the literature by conducting a quantitative, meta-analytic review of findings from previous studies.MethodA systematic literature search of bibliographic databases was conducted, yielding 18 studies that fit the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis.ResultsA random-effects model of all 18 studies showed a significant overall odds ratio of 1.53 (95% CI 1.28–1.83, p < .001), indicating that elevated levels of anxiety were associated with a 53% increased likelihood of falls. A high amount of variance among effect sizes was observed. Only age was identified as a moderator of this relationship in a subgroup of the samples.ConclusionsClinical anxiety is associated with falls, however, further research is required to elucidate the factors that might moderate or mediate this relationship, the casual pathways through which they are related, and the associations between different types of anxiety and falls.

Keywords: Anxiety; Epidemiology; Falls and mobility problems; Falls risk; Meta-analysis; Review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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The Journals of Gerontology: Series B is currently edited by Psychological Sciences - S. Duke Han, PhD and Social Sciences - Jessica A Kelley, PhD, FGSA

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