Relationships Among Self-perception of Aging, Physical Functioning, and Self-efficacy in Late Life

Hava Tovel, Sara Carmel and Victoria H Raveis

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 2019, vol. 74, issue 2, 212-221

Abstract: Objectives The purpose of the current study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between 2 central concepts in the study of subjective well-being in old age—self-perception of aging (SPA) and physical functioning, and to assess the mediating role of self-efficacy beliefs in this relationship. Method sInterviews were conducted in the home with 1,216 randomly selected persons aged 75+ years (T1) and repeated with 892 of them 2 years later (T2). We collected data on SPA, physical functioning, self-efficacy, self-rated health, and demographics. Using SEM techniques, we examined cross-lagged autoregressive relationships between SPA and physical functioning and between SPA and self-efficacy, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy. Results Findings indicated that it was SPA that affected physical functioning and self-efficacy and not vice versa, while controlling for age, gender, education, economic status and self-rated health. Evaluation of a mediation model showed that self-efficacy fully mediated the longitudinal relationship between SPA-T1 and physical functioning -T2. Discussion Our results indicated a psychological pathway by which SPA affected physical functioning through self-efficacy. SPA also affected self-efficacy, which in turn probably motivated people to use effective coping patterns for maintaining their physical functioning.

Keywords: Old age; Physical functioning; Self-efficacy; Self-perception of aging; Subjective well-being (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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The Journals of Gerontology: Series B is currently edited by Psychological Sciences - S. Duke Han, PhD and Social Sciences - Jessica A Kelley, PhD, FGSA

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