Associations Between Personality Traits and Cognitive Resilience in Older Adults

Relation of cerebral vessel disease to Alzheimer’s disease dementia and cognitive function in elderly people: A cross-sectional study

Eileen K Graham, Bryan D James, Kathryn L Jackson, Emily C Willroth, Patricia Boyle, Robert Wilson, David A Bennett, Daniel K Mroczek and Richard Lucas

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 2021, vol. 76, issue 1, 6-19

Abstract: ObjectivesThe goal of this paper was to examine associations between personality traits and resilience to neuropathologic burden.MethodUsing data from the Religious Orders Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project, we identified a total of 1,375 participants with personality, cognitive, and post-mortem neuropathology data. We regressed cognition onto pathology and extracted the residuals as an indicator of cognitive resilience. We then modeled the effect of Big Five personality traits on cognitive resilience, adjusting for demographics, APOE status, medical comorbidities, and cognitive activity. The analytic plan was preregistered prior to data access or analysis, and all scripts and outputs are available online.ResultsHigher neuroticism was associated with greater vulnerability to pathology. Results from exploratory analyses suggest that higher conscientiousness was associated with less cognitive decline relative to the amount of pathology, or greater resilience. Education and cognitive activity did not moderate these associations.DiscussionPersonality may have a pathoplastic effect on neuropathology, as low neuroticism and high conscientiousness are associated with better function despite neuropathologic burden.

Keywords: Big Five personality; Cognitive resilience; Individual differences; Preregistration; Neuropathology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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