Socioeconomic Status, Race/Ethnicity, and Unexpected Variation in Dementia Classification in Longitudinal Survey Data

Mild cognitive impairment: Statistical models of transition using longitudinal clinical data

Elizabeth A Luth, Holly G Prigerson and Jessica Kelley

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 2022, vol. 77, issue 12, e234-e246

Abstract: ObjectivesAs dementia affects a growing number of older adults, it is important to understand its detection and progression. We identified patterns in dementia classification over time using a longitudinal, nationally representative sample of older adults. We examined the relationship between socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity, and patterns in dementia classification.MethodsData for 7,218 Medicare beneficiaries from the 2011–2017 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) were classified into five categories: consistently no dementia, consistently cognitive impairment, “typical” dementia progression, “expected” variation, and “unexpected” variation. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression assessed relative risk of dementia classification by sociodemographic and health factors.ResultsAmong NHATS respondents, 59.5% consistently were recorded as having no dementia, 7% consistently cognitively impaired, 13% as having typical progression, 15% as having expected variation, and 5.5% as having unexpected variation. In multivariable models, compared with consistent dementia classification, less education, Medicare–Medicaid-dual enrollment, and identifying as non-Hispanic Black were associated with increased likelihood of unexpected variation (e.g., non-Hispanic Black adjusted risk ratio: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.61–2.78, p

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Health disparities; Minority aging (race/ethnicity); Socioeconomic status (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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The Journals of Gerontology: Series B is currently edited by Psychological Sciences - S. Duke Han, PhD and Social Sciences - Jessica A Kelley, PhD, FGSA

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