A Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults

Tudor Vrinceanu, Caroll-Ann Blanchette, Brittany Intzandt, Maxime Lussier, Kristell Pothier, Thien Tuong Minh Vu, Anil Nigam, Laurent Bosquet, Antony D Karelis, Karen Z H Li, Nicolas Berryman and Louis Bherer

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 2022, vol. 77, issue 6, 1069-1079

Abstract: ObjectivesStudies suggest that cognitive training and physical activity can improve age-related deficits in dual-task performances. However, both of these interventions have never been compared in the same study. This article investigates the improvement in dual-task performance in 2 types of exercise training groups and a cognitive training group and explores if there are specific dual-task components that are more sensitive or more likely to improve following each type of training.MethodsSeventy-eight healthy inactive participants older than the age of 60 (M = 69.98, SD = 5.56) were randomized to one of three 12-week training programs: aerobic training (AET) = 26, gross motor abilities (GMA) = 27, and cognition (COG) = 25. Before and after the training program, the participants underwent physical fitness tests, and cognitive evaluations involving a computerized cognitive dual task. The AET consisted of high- and low-intensity aerobic training, the GMA of full-body exercises focusing on agility, balance, coordination, and stretching, and the COG of tablet-based exercises focusing on executive functions.ResultsRepeated-measures analysis of variance on reaction time data revealed a group × time interaction (F(2,75) = 11.91, p

Keywords: Cognitive aging; Cognitive training; Dual-tasking; Physical training (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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