An AI-based approach to predict delivery outcome based on measurable factors of pregnant mothers

Michael Owusu-Adjei, James Ben Hayfron-Acquah, Twum Frimpong and Abdul-Salaam Gaddafi

PLOS Digital Health, 2025, vol. 4, issue 2, 1-19

Abstract: The desire for safer delivery mode that preserves the lives of both mother and child with minimal or no complications before, during and after childbirth is the wish for every expectant mother and their families. However, the choice for any particular delivery mode is supposedly influenced by a number of factors that leads to the ultimate decision of choice. Some of the factors identified include maternal birth history, maternal and child health conditions prevailing before and during labor onset. Predictive modeling has been used extensively to determine important contributory factors or artifacts influencing delivery choice in related research studies. However, missing among a myriad of features used in various research studies for this determination is maternal history of spontaneous, threatened and inevitable abortion(s). How its inclusion impacts delivery outcome has not been covered in extensive research work. This research work therefore takes measurable maternal features that include real time information on administered partographs to predict delivery outcome. This is achieved by adopting effective feature selection technique to estimate variable relationships with the target variable. Three supervised learning techniques are used and evaluated for performance. Prediction accuracy score of area under the curve obtained show Gradient Boosting classifier achieved 91% accuracy, Logistic Regression 93% and Random Forest 91%. Balanced accuracy score obtained for these techniques were; Gradient Boosting 82.73%, Logistic Regression 84.62% and Random Forest 83.02%. Correlation statistic for variable independence among input variables showed that delivery outcome type as an output is associated with fetal gestational age and the progress of maternal cervix dilatation during labor onset.Author summary: This study sample of 842 participants with varying characteristics of pregnancy considered the impact of abortion(s) and fetal deaths on delivery outcome decisions. Results from performing feature selection for variable importance showed fetal gestational age and progress of cervical dilatation to be significant predictors of delivery outcome. Machine learning modeling of maternal interactions provides additional understanding of what is required for a successful delivery outcome and an appropriate delivery mode that is based on sound clinical judgment which takes into consideration the objective of preserving the lives of both mother and child.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pdig00:0000543

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000543

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