Latent profiles of challenge, hindrance, and threat appraisals on time pressure and job complexity: Antecedents and outcomes

Arian Kunzelmann, Thomas Rigotti and Monique F. Crane
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Arian Kunzelmann: Centre for Transformative Work Design, Future of Work Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
Thomas Rigotti: Department of Work, Organizational, and Business Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Resarch (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
Monique F. Crane: Department of School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Australian Journal of Management, 2025, vol. 50, issue 2, 431-458

Abstract: This research challenges the a priori classification of time pressure and job complexity as challenge stressors and seeks to illuminate the emergence of different appraisal configurations using a latent profile approach. The sample consisted of 629 employees (66.1% male). Employees who appraised time pressure and job complexity as challenges reported higher job satisfaction and work engagement and felt less emotionally exhausted and mentally stressed compared to those with dominant hindrance/threat appraisals. Employees who report to be more resilient and have autonomy are more likely to fall into a Dominant Challenge Appraisal profile. Those who face high emotional demands are more likely to be in a Dominant Hindrance/Threat Appraisal profile. This research offers a fresh perspective on why it is essential for employers to consider their teams’ perceptions and resources when introducing new tasks or deadlines. By providing employees with adequate resources, organizations can promote a more adaptive approach to work challenges. JEL Classification: L20, L29, L00

Keywords: Appraisal; job demands; latent profile analysis; occupational stress; resilience (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:ausman:v:50:y:2025:i:2:p:431-458

DOI: 10.1177/03128962231222825

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