A Two-Stage Propensity Score Matching Strategy for Treatment Effect Estimation in a Multisite Observational Study

Jordan H. Rickles and Michael Seltzer
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Jordan H. Rickles: American Institutes for Research
Michael Seltzer: University of California, Los Angeles

Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2014, vol. 39, issue 6, 612-636

Abstract: When nonrandom treatments occur across sites, within-site matching (WM) is often desirable. This approach, however, can significantly reduce treatment group sample size and exclude substantively important subgroups. To limit these drawbacks, we extend a matching approach developed by Stuart and Rubin to a multisite study. We demonstrate the proposed method through a multisite analysis of algebra enrollment effects in 50 middle schools, where within each school students are assigned to algebra or pre-algebra and test the utility of the proposed method with a simulation study. The results document the method’s conceptual appeal and indicate that two-stage matching is a viable alternative to strict WM or matching that ignores the nested data structure (pooled matching).

Keywords: matching; multisite design; causal inference; multilevel modeling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:jedbes:v:39:y:2014:i:6:p:612-636

DOI: 10.3102/1076998614559748

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