Wartime ties and the social logic of crime

Sarah Zukerman Daly, Laura Paler and Cyrus Samii
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Sarah Zukerman Daly: Department of Political Science, Columbia University
Laura Paler: Department of Political Science, University of Pittsburgh
Cyrus Samii: Department of Politics, New York University

Journal of Peace Research, 2020, vol. 57, issue 4, 536-550

Abstract: While ex-combatant reintegration is vital to successful transitions from war to peace, some former fighters turn to crime following demobilization. Such criminality undermines the consolidation of political order. Leading theories of crime participation emphasize the role of both individual economic opportunities and factors related to social ties. Yet, we still know little about the social logic of ex-combatant criminality and how social and economic factors relate as drivers of crime participation. This article presents a theory of how wartime social ties – namely, vertical ties to former commanders and horizontal ties to ex-combatant peers – influence ex-combatant crime on their own and via their relationship to economic opportunity costs. We use the theory to derive predictions in the context of Colombia, and then test them with a combination of administrative data and high-quality original survey data. We find that both vertical and horizontal wartime ties are powerful drivers of ex-combatant criminality. Our evidence indicates that wartime ties mitigate the risks of criminal behavior by facilitating the transmission of criminal capabilities and pro-crime social norms. We do not find that economic conditions moderate the effect of wartime times nor do we find any indication that economic opportunity costs, on their own, predict criminality. These findings underscore the importance of wartime ties – both vertical and horizontal – to understanding post-conflict transitions and designing reintegration interventions.

Keywords: civil war; Colombia; conflict; crime; DDR processes; ex-combatant reintegration; peace (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:joupea:v:57:y:2020:i:4:p:536-550

DOI: 10.1177/0022343319897098

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