Civilian targeting in African conflicts: A poor actor’s game that spreads through space

Piotr Lis, Michael Spagat and Uih Ran Lee
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Piotr Lis: School of Economics, Finance and Accounting, 2706Coventry University
Uih Ran Lee: Department of Economics, 1948University of Sussex

Journal of Peace Research, 2021, vol. 58, issue 5, 900-914

Abstract: Armed conflict actors frequently target civilian populations. Thus, an improved understanding of such behaviour could pave the way to reducing it. We use the Civilian Targeting Index (CTI) and a broad array of geo-referenced data to investigate the spatio-temporal and economic dynamics of civilian targeting by conflict actors in Africa. Two main insights are generated. First, the civilian targeting behaviour of African non-state conflict actors is strongly influenced by the behaviour of other proximate actors. In particular, non-state actors tend to increase their civilian targeting after nearby non-state actors have done so. Possible mechanisms to explain such spatial spillovers include emulation and retaliation. Second, a negative relationship between economic activity and civilian targeting exists and applies to both state and non-state actors. In addition, CTIs of non-state actors tend to increase with population density, the geographical spread of their conflict activity and conflict duration. State actors have higher average CTIs than non-state actors do, but the gap between the two actor types tends to close during long-duration conflicts.

Keywords: African conflicts; civilian targeting; one-sided violence; spatial diffusion (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:joupea:v:58:y:2021:i:5:p:900-914

DOI: 10.1177/0022343320961150

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