Long-Term Health Outcomes of a Decision Aid: Data from a Randomized Trial of Adjuvant! in Women with Localized Breast Cancer

Andrew J. Vickers, Elena B. Elkin, Pamela B. Peele, Maura Dickler and Laura A. Siminoff
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Andrew J. Vickers: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, vickersa@mskcc.org
Elena B. Elkin: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York
Pamela B. Peele: Department of Health Policy & Management, University of Pittsburgh and UPMC Health Plan, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Maura Dickler: Breast Cancer Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York
Laura A. Siminoff: Department of Social and Behavioral Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia

Medical Decision Making, 2009, vol. 29, issue 4, 461-467

Abstract: Purpose . Women with localized breast cancer face difficult decisions about adjuvant therapy. Several decision aids are available to help women choose between treatment options. Decision aids are known to affect treatment choices and may therefore affect patient survival. The authors aimed to model the effects of the Adjuvant! decision aid on expected survival in women with early stage breast cancer. Patients and Methods . Data were obtained from a randomized trial of Adjuvant! ( n = 395). To calculate the effects of the decision aid on survival, the authors used the Adjuvant! survival predictions as a surrogate endpoint. Data from each arm were entered separately into statistical models to estimate change in survival associated with receiving the Adjuvant! decision aid. Results . Most women ( ∼ 85%) chose a treatment option that maximized predicted survival. The effects of the decision aid on outcome could not be modeled because a small number of women ( n = 12, 3%) chose treatment options associated with a large (5%—14%) loss in survival. These women—most typically estrogen receptor positive but refusing hormonal therapy—were equally divided between Adjuvant! and control groups and were not distinguished by medical or demographic factors. Conclusions . Expected benefit from treatment is a key variable in understanding patient behavior. A small number of women refuse adjuvant treatment associated with large increases in predicted survival, even when they are explicitly informed about the degree of benefit they would forgo. Investigation of the effects of decision aids on cancer survival is unlikely to be fruitful due to power considerations.

Keywords: Adjuvant!; breast cancer; decision aids; women's health; oncology; outcomes research. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2009
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:medema:v:29:y:2009:i:4:p:461-467

DOI: 10.1177/0272989X08329344

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