Preparing Colombian coffee production for climate change: Integrated spatial modelling to identify potential robusta coffee (Coffea canephora P.) growing areas

Carlos E. González-Orozco (), Mario Porcel, Vivekananda Mittahalli Byrareddy, Eric Rahn, William A. Cardona, Diego A. Salinas Velandia, Gustavo A. Araujo-Carrillo and Jarrod Kath
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Carlos E. González-Orozco: Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria- Agrosavia. Centro de Investigación La Libertad
Mario Porcel: Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria- Agrosavia. Centro de Investigación La Libertad
Vivekananda Mittahalli Byrareddy: University of Southern Queensland
Eric Rahn: International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT)
William A. Cardona: Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia
Diego A. Salinas Velandia: Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia
Gustavo A. Araujo-Carrillo: Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria – Agrosavia
Jarrod Kath: University of Southern Queensland

Climatic Change, 2024, vol. 177, issue 4, No 11, 26 pages

Abstract: Abstract Meeting future demand for coffee under climate change is a challenge. Approaches that can inform where coffee may grow best under current and future climate scenarios are needed. Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora P.) is planted in many tropical areas and makes up around 40% of the world’s coffee supply. However, as the climate shifts, current robusta areas may become less productive, while in other areas new growing regions for robusta may emerge. Colombia is one of the world’s most important Arabica coffee producer, famous for its high-quality coffee. Although robusta coffee is not yet a commercial crop in Colombia, it could be one of the future bastions for robusta coffee in South America contributing to meeting the increasing demand, but this remains unexplored. We aimed to identify areas with highest biophysical and socio-economic potential to grow robusta coffee in Colombia. An integrated modelling approach was used, combining climate suitability and crop-yield modelling for current and future climate scenarios, soil constraints, pest risk assessment and socio-economic constraints to identify the regions with the highest potential productivity and the lowest pest and climate change risks with good market access and low security risks which don’t further expand the agricultural frontier. Our results showed that parts of the foothills along the eastern Andean Mountain ranges, the high plains of the Orinoquía region and the wet parts of the Caribbean region are the best candidates for the potential development of robusta coffee plantations in Colombia. The crop-yield model indicated highest yields of green coffee on the foothills of the eastern Andean Mountain range with an estimated average yield of 2.6 t ha−1 (under rain-fed conditions) which is projected to occur at elevations below 600 m avoiding interference with the traditional and established Arabica coffee regions in Colombia. Under a 2 °C global warming scenario climate change is projected to have the largest impacts on the Caribbean region. Therefore, larger scale irrigated production system could be an appropriate option in the Caribbean region, while diversified smallholder robusta coffee agroforestry systems are considered more favourable in the Orinoquía region.

Keywords: Biogeography; Climate change; Coffee berry borer; Yield; South America; Andean region (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03717-2

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