Vulnerability to climate change of cultivated and wild cacao in Ecuador

Viviana Ceccarelli (), Tobias Fremout, Eduardo Chavez, David Argüello, Rey Gastón Loor Solórzano, Ignacio Antonio Sotomayor Cantos and Evert Thomas ()
Additional contact information
Viviana Ceccarelli: Bioversity International
Tobias Fremout: Bioversity International
Eduardo Chavez: Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL
David Argüello: Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL
Rey Gastón Loor Solórzano: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Programa Nacional de Cacao Y Café (PNCC), Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue (EETP)
Ignacio Antonio Sotomayor Cantos: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Programa Nacional de Cacao Y Café (PNCC), Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue (EETP)
Evert Thomas: Bioversity International

Climatic Change, 2024, vol. 177, issue 7, No 1, 22 pages

Abstract: Abstract Climate change is expected to impact cacao cultivation in Ecuador, the fifth largest cacao producing country in the world and largest exporter of fine flavour cacao. The objective of this study was to evaluate the future impact of climate change on the suitable distribution of cultivated and wild cacao and identify areas where climate change tolerant genotypes may occur in Ecuador. Using 26,152 presence points for cultivated cacao and 95 presence points for wild cacao, we modelled the present suitability distribution of cultivated and wild cacao and performed future climate projections under two greenhouse gas emission scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP3-7.0) and two time periods (2050s and 2070s). For both cultivated and wild cacao, we constructed six different ensemble models employing different filtering methods for presence points, we projected each ensemble model to future climatic conditions, and we then built the final maps of present distribution and future projections based on the majority-vote criterion. Our future projections predict a 8–16% contraction and 19–21% expansion of the currently suitable area of cultivated cacao, while wild cacao is expected to maintain most of its suitable area and experience a further 7–12% expansion in the future. Ecogeographical zones are predicted to change in 23-33% of the combined distributions of cultivated and wild cacao. We identified the areas in Ecuador where populations of climate change tolerant genotypes are expected to occur. Interventions to promote adaptation to climate change will be required in cacao cultivation areas that are expected to be impacted by climate change in Ecuador, including the use of tolerant genotypes.

Keywords: Suitability modelling and future projections; Ensemble modelling; Cacao Nacional; Climate change tolerant genotypes; Cacao adaptation to climate change (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10584-024-03756-9 Abstract (text/html)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:climat:v:177:y:2024:i:7:d:10.1007_s10584-024-03756-9

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.springer.com/economics/journal/10584

DOI: 10.1007/s10584-024-03756-9

Access Statistics for this article

Climatic Change is currently edited by M. Oppenheimer and G. Yohe

More articles in Climatic Change from Springer
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().