‘Kaldor Facts’ and the decline of Wage Share: An agent based-stock flow consistent model of induced technical change along Classical and Keynesian lines

Lucrezia Fanti

Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 2021, vol. 31, issue 2, No 2, 379-415

Abstract: Abstract This paper introduces the classical idea about the so-called directed and induced technical change (ITC) within a Keynesian demand-side and evolutionary endogenous growth model in order to analyse the interplay between technical change, long-run economic growth and functional income distribution. The ITC process is analysed within an Agent-Based Stock-Flow Consistent (AB-SFC) model, wherein credit-constrained heterogeneous firms choose both the intensity and the direction of innovation towards a labour- or capital-saving choice of technique. In the long-run, the model reproduces the so-called ‘Kaldor stylised facts’ (i.e. a purely labour-saving technical change process), however during the transitional phase the model shows a labour-saving/capital-using innovation pattern, as the aggregate output-capital ratio decreases until it stabilises in the long-run, and the labour share persistently decline as observed during the last decades in many advanced (and developing) economies. Within the present model, we can ascribe these results mainly to the effect exerted by the interplay between directed and biased technical change, the process of wage formation and the dynamics of aggregate demand. In order to stress the effective role of the innovation bias on the model dynamics, the baseline scenario has been compared with a ‘counterfactual’ scenario wherein ‘neutral’ technical progress is at work. The main findings are also confirmed by computing a sensitivity investigation on the key parameters shaping innovation and wage formation process.

Keywords: Agent-based macroeconomics; Stock-flow consistent models; Induced technical change; Directed innovation; Choice of techniques; Labour share; Growth and distribution. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E24 E25 O30 O35 O41 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

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DOI: 10.1007/s00191-020-00686-4

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