Spillover effects of investment in Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED) centers: evidence from Indonesia

Prita Nurmalia Kusumawardhani

Education Economics, 2022, vol. 30, issue 6, 590-611

Abstract: This paper estimates spillover effects of investing in new early childhood education centers on the outcomes of children that did not attend those centers. I find positive and economically significant spillover effects in the EDI domain of communication skills and general knowledge. Furthermore, never-enrolled children have also experienced an improvement in physical health and well-being. There is no evidence of significant effects on parenting practices and reduction in behavioral problems. The evidence suggests that spillovers are driven by individual interactions instead of interaction between centers.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1080/09645292.2021.2019196

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