Who is doing better? Exploring the effect of COVID-19 on students’ academic performance across the test score distribution

Silvia C. Gómez Soler, Juanita Cifuentes González and Luz Karime Abadía Alvarado

Education Economics, 2025, vol. 33, issue 3, 417-431

Abstract: Previous studies have found a negative effect on average student performance on standardised tests following the Covid-19 crisis. However, the effects might differ depending on the student’s position in the achievement distribution. Understanding distributional effects allows us to determine how to better direct resources to students most affected. Using a quantile treatment effects model, we estimate the effects of Covid-19 on academic performance of students in the Colombian standardised high school exit examination. Our estimates show a U-shaped pattern: the negative effect is smaller for students located at the tails of the test score distribution.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/09645292.2024.2356231

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