Oscillatory shear stress created by fluid pulsatility versus flexed specimen configurations

Manuel Salinas, David E. Schmidt, Miguel Libera, Richard R. Lange and Sharan Ramaswamy

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2014, vol. 17, issue 7, 728-739

Abstract: Oscillatory shear stress (OSS), caused by time-varying flow environments, may play a critical role in the production of engineered tissue by bone marrow-derived stem cells. This is particularly relevant in heart valve tissue engineering (HVTE), owing to the intense haemodynamic environments that surround native valves. In this study, we examined and quantified the role that (i) physiologically relevant scales of pulsatility and (ii) changes in geometry as a function of specimen flexure have in creating OSS conditions. A U-shaped bioreactor capable of producing flow, stretch and flexure was modelled with housed specimens, and computational fluid dynamic simulations were performed. We found that physiologically relevant OSS can be maximised by the application of pulsatile flow to straight, non-moving specimens in a uniform manner. This finding reduces a substantial layer of complexity in dynamic HVTE protocols in which traditionally, time-varying flow has been promoted through specimen movement in custom-made bioreactors.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2012.715157

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