High-Dimensional Mediation Analysis for Selecting DNA Methylation Loci Mediating Childhood Trauma and Cortisol Stress Reactivity

Xu Guo, Runze Li, Jingyuan Liu and Mudong Zeng

Journal of the American Statistical Association, 2022, vol. 117, issue 539, 1110-1121

Abstract: Childhood trauma tends to influence cortisol stress reactivity through the mediating effects of DNA methylation. Houtepen et al. conducted a study to investigate the role of DNA methylation in cortisol stress reactivity and its relationship with childhood trauma. The study collected a dataset consisting of 385,882 DNA methylation loci, cortisol stress reactivity, one-dimensional score on a childhood trauma questionnaire and several covariates for 85 healthy individuals. Of great scientific interest is to identify the active mediating loci out of the 385,882 ones. Houtepen et al. conducted 385,882 linear mediation analyses, in each of which one locus was considered, and identified three active mediating loci. More recently, van Kesteren and Oberski proposed a coordinate-wise mediation filter (CMF) and applied it to the same dataset. They identified five active mediating loci. Unfortunately, the three loci identified by Houtepen et al. are completely different from the five loci identified by van Kesteren and Oberski, probably because both Houtepen et al. and van Kesteren and Oberski did not consider all loci jointly in their analyses. The high dimensional DNA methylation loci indeed necessitate new techniques for identifying active mediating loci and testing the direct and indirect effects of the early life traumatic stress on later cortisol alteration. Motivated by the contradictory results in the aforementioned two scientific works, we develop a new estimating and testing procedure, and apply it to the same dataset as that analyzed by the two works. We identify three new loci: cg19230917, cg06422529 and cg03199124, and their effect sizes and p-values are 321.196 (p-value = 0.035965), 418.173 (p-value = 0.000234) and 471.865 (p-value = 0.001691), respectively. These three loci possess both reasonably neurobiological interpretations and statistically significant effects via our proposed tests. Based on our new procedure, we further confirm that the childhood trauma does not have significant direct effects on cortisol change—it only indirectly affects cortisol through DNA methylation, and the indirect effect is negative. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

Date: 2022
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01621459.2022.2053136 (text/html)
Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:taf:jnlasa:v:117:y:2022:i:539:p:1110-1121

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.tandfonline.com/pricing/journal/UASA20

DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2022.2053136

Access Statistics for this article

Journal of the American Statistical Association is currently edited by Xuming He, Jun Liu, Joseph Ibrahim and Alyson Wilson

More articles in Journal of the American Statistical Association from Taylor & Francis Journals
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Chris Longhurst ().