Does workplace inclusion mitigate emotional exhaustion? Evidence from local government organizations

Nicole M. Humphrey, Leisha DeHart-Davis, Shahidul Hassan, Deneen M. Hatmaker and Amy Smith

Public Management Review, 2025, vol. 27, issue 12, 2977-3005

Abstract: Over the past few years, many local government organizations have become more concerned with employee burnout and identifying strategies to support employees. In this paper we examine inclusion as a resource that can shape emotional exhaustion and buffer against two demands, workplace incivility and COVID-19 job-related changes. With survey data collected from three local governments, we find that inclusion is associated with reduced feelings of emotional exhaustion, while incivility and negative perceptions of COVID-19 changes are associated with heightened feelings of emotional exhaustion. We also find that inclusion mitigates the effect of incivility and employees’ appraisal of COVID-19 job-related changes.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/14719037.2024.2393627

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