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Secure three-tier authentication approach for agricultural internet of things

Radhika Lama and Sandip Karmakar

Cyber-Physical Systems, 2025, vol. 11, issue 3, 241-264

Abstract: The Agricultural Internet of Things (AIOT) transforms food production by integrating IoT and IFTTT services in farming. Devices gather data on temperature, humidity, soil quality, and pests, enhancing monitoring accuracy. However, web services like IFTTT pose security risks, challenging agricultural operations’ integrity. A new study proposes a robust three-way authentication method for smart agriculture systems, rigorously evaluated using ROR model, BAN logic, and AVISPA tool. Computational tests with MIRACL Cryptographic SDK confirm efficiency. This research builds on previous work, ensuring AIOT-based farming’s security and integrity. Comparative analysis shows the proposed scheme’s computational efficiency, lower storage needs, and enhanced security over existing approaches.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/23335777.2024.2372583

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