Labor Market Discrimination against Family Responsibilities: A Correspondence Study with Policy Change in China

Haoran He, Sherry Xin Li and Yuling Han

Journal of Labor Economics, 2023, vol. 41, issue 2, 361 - 387

Abstract: China shifted its controversial one-child policy (1979–2015) to a two-child policy in 2016. We take advantage of this unexpected policy change and the heterogeneities in the prechange environment to investigate labor market discrimination against expected family responsibilities. In a two-wave correspondence study before and after the policy change, we sent 8,848 fictitious resumes with ages 22–29 in response to online job advertisements. Their gender and only-child/siblinged status were systematically varied. We find that women—but not men—are subject to labor market discrimination for expected family responsibilities. This discrimination worsens with the increase in women’s reproductive age.

Date: 2023
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