Toroidal metamaterial-assisted terahertz biosensor with high sensitivity

Fei Wang, Qiang Chen, Qing Yang and Lifei Tian
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Fei Wang: Department of Gynecology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi, P. R. China2School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Qiang Chen: Department of Applied Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, P. R. China
Qing Yang: Department of Gynecology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Lifei Tian: Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi, P. R. China

International Journal of Modern Physics C (IJMPC), 2024, vol. 35, issue 09, 1-8

Abstract: In this paper, a toroidal metamaterial for achieving highly sensitive sensors in the terahertz (THz) frequency range is proposed. Such a subwavelength structure consists of a pair of mirror-symmetric metal split-ring resonators and a single metal wire. By exciting the structure with vertically incident electromagnetic waves, high-Q transmission peaks are generated at 2.40 and 2.44THz. Near-field analysis reveals that the reverse-flowing currents in the metal split-ring resonators and the metal wire create a pair of magnetic dipoles connected end to end, resulting in a vortex-like magnetic field known as a toroidal dipole. Calculations of multipole scattering energy further confirm that the rapidly enhanced toroidal dipole is the primary factor responsible for the high-Q transmission peaks. This toroidal metamaterial can be used to design refractive index sensors with a sensitivity of up to 20GHz/RIU, enabling the detection of subtle changes in the surrounding environment’s parameters. Our strategy paves an alternative route to the development of highly sensitive sensors for biological and chemical molecules in the THz frequency range.

Keywords: Metamaterials; toroidal dipole; refractive index sensor; multipole scattering energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1142/S0129183124501109

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