The reflective workplace deviance (RWD) measure

Bailey Bigelow, Lauren R. Locklear, Rebecca J. Bennett, Sandra Robinson and Clay Posey

Chapter 23 in Handbook of Counterproductive Work Behavior, 2025, pp 409-426 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: Workplace deviance, often differentiated by its target into interpersonal deviance and organizational deviance, has been a frequently studied workplace phenomenon over the past few decades. Most empirical studies of workplace deviance have relied on the two-dimensional scale developed by Bennett and Robinson—a formative measure that contains 19 items indicative of unique interpersonal and organizational deviance behaviors. However, formative measures limit our understanding of workplace behaviors in a variety of ways. Consequently, we contribute to the workplace deviance literature by developing a reflective scale and introduce the Reflective Workplace Deviance (RWD) scale, a six-item reflective measure that assesses interpersonal and organizational deviance. We do so through a three-stage process, using multiple data sources and including various validation techniques. Overall, our research confirms the validity and reliability of the RWD scale—we discuss the unique advantages it provides over formative measures and provide suggestions of when scholars might choose to use this alternative measure.

Keywords: Workplace Deviance; Counterproductive Work Behavior; Scale Development; Reflective Measure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
ISBN: 9781035306664
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