Medical Image Segmentation with Deep Learning: An Overview

Salma Sabrou, Azidine Guezzaz (), Shubashini Rathina Velu (), Said Benkirane, Mohamed Eddabbah and Mourade Azrour
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Salma Sabrou: Cadi Ayyad University
Azidine Guezzaz: Cadi Ayyad University
Shubashini Rathina Velu: Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University
Said Benkirane: Cadi Ayyad University
Mohamed Eddabbah: Cadi Ayyad University
Mourade Azrour: Moulay Ismail University

A chapter in Machine Learning and Deep Learning Modeling and Algorithms with Applications in Medical and Health Care, 2025, pp 39-56 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract Since ancient times in in medical imaging, image segmentation plays an important role, it widely used for object recognition. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of image segmentation techniques, analyzing their theoretical foundations, practical implementations, and advantages across medical domain. We start our overview of traditional segmentation approaches, including thresholding, edge detection, and region-based methods, establishing a strong conceptual framework. Building upon this foundation, using this as a starting point, we will gradually look at more complex methods, especially new ways to separate things using artificial intelligence. Deep learning-based methods, including fully convolutional neural networks (CNNs), U-Net, and vision transformers (ViTs), are explored in detail, highlighting their ability to reach the best possible results. This paper combines old methods with new improvements to provide a complete view of image cutting and its various applications in medical pictures.

Keywords: Medical image; Segmentation; Edge detection; Region-based methods; Convolutional neural network; U-Net; Vision transformers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:ssrchp:978-3-031-98728-1_3

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-98728-1_3

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