Birthweight Declined During the Pandemic and It Is Falling Further Post-pandemic

Maysam Rabbani and Elijah Gervais

Papers from arXiv.org

Abstract: Recent literature reports mixed evidence on whether birthweight has decreased during the pandemic. In this paper, we use New York's hospital inpatient discharge data and contribute to this ongoing debate in multiple ways. First, we corroborate that birthweight has declined during the pandemic by 7g (grams). Second, we provide the first empirical evidence that, after the pandemic, not only birthweight has not reverted to the pre-pandemic levels, but it has fallen lower, 17g below the pre-pandemic levels. Third, in the post-pandemic years, mothers who are hospitalized to give birth are 27% more likely to be at a higher mortality risk and 8% more likely to have a higher severity of illness. Disruptions to birthweight could have far-reaching consequences for the health, longevity, and well-being of the population. Therefore, understanding the full scope of COVID-19's influence on birthweight is a vital and timely practice. Future research is needed to test whether our results are driven by true underlying changes in birthweight and complications or by healthcare providers being induced (financially or otherwise) to report birthweight differently.

Date: 2025-05
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