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Justifiable Priority Violations

Josu\'e Ortega and R. Pablo Arribillaga

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Abstract: Making Deferred Acceptance more efficient requires priority violations, but which ones are justifiable? We argue that a priority can be justifiably violated if the affected student either (i) directly benefits from the improvement that caused said violation, or (ii) is unimprovable under any assignment that Pareto-dominates DA. We construct a ``just-below-cutoffs'' mechanism that always finds a justifiable DA-improvement whenever DA's outcome is inefficient, and build on it to construct an algorithm that expands justifiable improvements iteratively, converging to a matching that cannot be Pareto-improved by any justifiable outcome. Finally, we prove that both justifiability and consent frameworks have important limitations in reaching Pareto-efficient outcomes, and use data and simulations to quantify how binding these constraints are in practice.

Date: 2026-04, Revised 2026-10
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-des
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