Financing Long-Term Care: Ex-ante, Ex-post or Both?

Joan Costa-i-Font, Christophe Courbage and Katherine Swartz
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Joan Costa-i-Font

No 5104, CESifo Working Paper Series from CESifo

Abstract: This paper examines the heterogeneity in the public financing of long-term care (LTC), and the wide-ranging instruments in place to finance long-term care services. We distinguish and classify the institutional responses to the need for LTC financing as ex-ante (occurring prior to when the need arises, such as insurance) and ex-post (occurring after the need arises, such as public sector and family financing). Then we examine country-specific data to ascertain whether the two types of financing are complements or substitutes. Finally, we examine exploratory cross-national data on public expenditure determinants, specifically economic, demographic and social determinants. We show that although both ex-ante and ex-post mechanisms exist in all countries with advanced industrial economies and despite the fact that instruments are different across countries, ex-ante and ex-post instruments are largely substitutes for each other. Expenditure estimates to date indicate that the public financing of long-term care is highly sensitive to a country’s income, ageing of the population, and the availability of informal caregiving.

Keywords: long term care; long term care expenditures; long-term care insurance; social insurance; ex-ante funding; ex-post funding (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: H50 I18 J10 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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Related works:
Journal Article: Financing Long‐Term Care: Ex Ante, Ex Post or Both? (2015)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ces:ceswps:_5104

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