Identifying Ideology: Experimental Evidence on Anti-Americanism in Pakistan

Michael Callen, Leonardo Bursztyn, Bruno Ferman, Saad Gulzar, Ali Hasanain and Noam Yuchtman

No 11106, CEPR Discussion Papers from C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers

Abstract: Identifying the role of intrinsic, ideological motivation in political behavior is confounded by agents' consequential aims and social concerns. We present results from two experiments that implement a methodology isolating Pakistani men's intrinsic motives for expressing anti-American ideology, in a context with clearly-specified financial costs, but minimal consequential or social considerations. Over one-quarter of subjects forgo around one-fifth of a day's wage to avoid anonymously checking a box indicating gratitude toward the U.S. government, thus revealing anti-Americanism. We find that ideological expression responds to financial and social incentives, and that measured ideology predicts membership in a major anti-American political party.

Keywords: Ideology; Political participation; political expression; revealed preference measurement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C90 D03 P16 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016-02
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-exp and nep-pol
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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Working Paper: Identifying Ideology: Experimental Evidence on Anti-Americanism in Pakistan (2014)
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