Eliciting People's First-Order Concerns: Text Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Questions

Beatrice Ferrario and Stefanie Stantcheva

No 16929, CEPR Discussion Papers from C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers

Abstract: This paper illustrates the design and use of open-ended survey questions as a way of eliciting people's first-order concerns on policies. Multiple choice questions are the backbone of most surveys, but they may prime respondents to select answer options that they would not naturally have thought about, and they may omit relevant options. Open-ended questions that do not constrain respondents with specific answer choices are a valuable tool for eliciting first-order thinking. We discuss three text analysis methods to analyze open-ended questions' answers. To illustrate how to apply these methods, we provide evidence from large-scale surveys on income and estate taxation. We show the that key concerns relate mostly to distribution issues, fairness, and government, rather than to efficiency concerns. There are large partisan gaps in the first-order concerns on policies.

Keywords: Surveys; Open-ended questions; Preferences; Political economy; Taxation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D72 D91 H20 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022-01
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Journal Article: Eliciting People's First-Order Concerns: Text Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Questions (2022)
Working Paper: Eliciting People's First-Order Concerns: Text Analysis of Open-Ended Survey Questions (2022)
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