The Effect of Ownership and Competitive Pressure on Firm Performance in Transition Countries

Saul Estrin, Jozef Konings, Manuela Angelucci and Zólkiewski, Zbigniew

No 2985, CEPR Discussion Papers from C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers

Abstract: This Paper uses a unique representative firm level data set to analyse the effect of domestic and international competitive pressure and ownership changes in three emerging economies, Bulgaria Poland and Romania. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: Domestic competitive pressure, measured by market structure, and increased import penetration are associated with higher firm performance in Poland irrespective of the ownership structure of firms. Furthermore the positive effects of increased import competition are reinforced for foreign owned firms. In contrast, in Bulgaria and Romania, increased import penetration is associated with lower firm performance, while there is some evidence that more competitive market structures are associated with higher total factor productivity. These effects depend, however, on the ownership structure of firms, which suggests the existence of complementarities between competitive pressure and ownership changes. The results also indicate that privatisation has positive effects on firm performance. In particular, domestic private firms and foreign-owned firms outperform state-owned firms. Furthermore, there is evidence that foreign-owned firms do better than domestically-owned private firms especially in Bulgaria and Poland. The results on ownership are somewhat weaker for Romania.

Keywords: Firm performance; Privatization; Competitive pressure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D24 D40 D42 J42 L10 L33 P23 P31 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2001-10
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (22)

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