Tax Rates and Tax Evasion: Evidence from 'Missing Imports' in China

Shang-Jin Wei and Raymond Fisman

No 3089, CEPR Discussion Papers from C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers

Abstract: Tax evasion, by its very nature, is difficult to observe. In this Paper, we present a case study of tax evasion in China. The novel feature of our approach is that at a very disaggregated level of individual products, we can measure evasion relatively precisely, by comparing the values that China reports as imports from Hong Kong, with what Hong Kong reports as exports to China. We can match up this ‘evasion gap’ with the tariff and VAT tax schedule at the product level. The result is striking: using the data in 1998, we find that on average, a 1% increase in the tax rate results in a 3% increase in evasion. The result is similar when a first-difference specification is used with data in 1997 and 1998. This relationship is nonlinear: the evasion elasticity is larger at high tax levels. Furthermore, the evasion gap is negatively correlated with the tax rates on closely related products, suggesting that part of the evasion takes place by mis-reporting the type of imports, in addition to under-reporting the value of imports. This effect is even more pronounced when the evasion gap is measured using quantities rather than values.

Keywords: Tax evasion; Corruption; Laffer curve (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F10 H20 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2001-12
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (23)

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Working Paper: Tax Rates and Tax Evasion: Evidence from "Missing Imports" in China (2001)
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