The Dynamics of the Smoking Wage Penalty

Michael Darden, Julie Hotchkiss and Melinda Pitts

No 2020-11, FRB Atlanta Working Paper from Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta

Abstract: Cigarette smokers earn significantly less than nonsmokers, but the magnitude of the smoking wage gap and the pathways by which it originates are unclear. Proposed mechanisms often focus on spot differences in employee productivity or employer preferences, neglecting the dynamic nature of human capital development and addiction. In this paper, we formulate a dynamic model of young workers as they transition from schooling to the labor market, a period in which the lifetime trajectory of wages is being developed. We estimate the model with data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort, and we simulate the model under counterfactual scenarios that isolate the contemporaneous effects of smoking from dynamic differences in human capital accumulation and occupational selection. Results from our preferred model, which accounts for unobserved heterogeneity in the joint determination of smoking, human capital, labor supply, and wages, suggest that continued heavy smoking in young adulthood results in a wage penalty at age 30 of 14.8 percent and 9.3 percent for women and men, respectively. These differences are less than half of the raw mean difference in wages at age 30. We show that the contemporaneous effect of heavy smoking net of any life-cycle effects explains roughly 67 percent of the female smoking wage gap but only 11 percent of the male smoking wage gap.

Keywords: wages; smoking; dynamic system of equations (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I10 I12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 40
Date: 2020-07-28
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-hea and nep-lma
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Published in FRBA Working Papers

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Related works:
Journal Article: The dynamics of the smoking wage penalty (2021)
Working Paper: The Dynamics of the Smoking Wage Penalty (2020)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:fip:fedawp:88477

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DOI: 10.29338/wp2020-11

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