Political Inequality

Julia Cagé ()
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Julia Cagé: ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEPR - Center for Economic Policy Research

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Abstract: Inequality in political participation and influence has strongly increased in recent decades, breeding economic inequality. In this review, we focus on three aspects of political inequality: the increasing concentration of both political and charitable donations, the growing gap in descriptive representation, and the persistent lack of substantive representation. Based on the existing literature as well as on novel evidence, we relate these aspects to the recent widening of turnout inequality. We then examine novel forms of participation—e.g., the rise of small donors in the United States—and the efficiency of policies aimed at improving representation. Finally, we discuss new avenues for research.

Keywords: Political donations; Descriptive representation; Substantive representation; Representative democracies; Campaign finance; Turnout; Charitable giving; Economic inequality; Political inequality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024-08-22
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-05446439v1
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Published in Annual Review of Economics, 2024, Annual Review of Economics, 16 (1), pp.455-490. ⟨10.1146/annurev-economics-080223-040921⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-05446439

DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-080223-040921

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