Macro-Criticality of Water Resources

Suphachol Suphachalasai, Ximing Dong, Pedro Juarros, Junko Mochizuki, Christine Richmond and Sylke von Thadden-Kostopoulos

No 2025/251, IMF Working Papers from International Monetary Fund

Abstract: This paper examines the macro-criticality of water resources in the context of climate change. It summarizes the past and future trends of water scarcity and droughts and proposes a framework to analyze the macro-criticality and role of public sector engagement in the water sector. The paper maps out channels through which water resources affect the macro-fiscal and balance of payments positions and develops an understanding of macro-fiscal exposure based on empirical evidence. It also synthesizes emerging insights from IMF-supported operations and capacity development activities, thereby clarifying the rationale and scope for IMF engagement in water-related policy reforms.

Keywords: Water; Water Scarcity; Climate Change; Macro-Criticality; Macro-Fiscal; IMF working papers; RSF reform; water resource; adaptation spending; balance of payments position; Natural disasters; Water resources; Electricity; Global; Asia and Pacific; Sub-Saharan Africa; South Asia; Africa (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 56
Date: 2025-12-05
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-agr and nep-env
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