Economic viability of chemical recycling

Pierre Gaudillat (), Robert Marschinski () and Hans Saveyn ()
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Pierre Gaudillat: European Commission - JRC, https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/index_en
Robert Marschinski: European Commission - JRC, https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/index_en
Hans Saveyn: European Commission - JRC, https://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu/index_en

No JRC147061, JRC Research Reports from Joint Research Centre

Abstract: Chemical recycling refers to a family of processes that breaks down waste such as plastics into its chemical building blocks, which may then be used to produce new plastics. The report provides an overview of the current (2025) state of the economic viability of chemical recycling of plastics in the European Union, highlighting the key challenges and opportunities in this field. The report discusses different types of chemical recycling technologies and focusses on the economic viability of solvolysis and pyrolysis, currently the most prominent chemical recycling pathways. It considers production and investment costs, as well as the maturity and limitations of these technologies. The report concludes that although chemical recycling in the EU does not achieve cost parity with virgin plastics, it could have a significant role to play in supplying markets with recycled plastics that are required for compliance with the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation and Single Use Plastics Directive recycled content requirements, and potential future regulation of a similar nature.

Date: 2026-08
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