CULTURAL AND RISK-RELATED DETERMINANTS OF GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ULTIMATUM BARGAINING

Ainhoa Jaramillo Gutiérrez (), Nikolaos Georgantzís (), Aurora García Gallego () and Miguel Ginés Vilar ()
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Ainhoa Jaramillo Gutiérrez: Universitat Jaume I
Aurora García Gallego: Universitat Jaume I
Miguel Ginés Vilar: Universitat Jaume I
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Aurora García-Gallego, Miguel Gines-Vilar () and Ainhoa Jaramillo-Gutiérrez

Working Papers. Serie AD from Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie)

Abstract: We study culture and risk aversion as causes of gender differences in ultimatum bargaining. It has often been conjectured in the literature that gender differences in bargaining experiments are partly due to differences in risky decision making. Using the data obtained from our experimental sessions with Spanish subjects, we are able to disentangle risk-related and genuinely gender-specific effects in ultimatum games framed as salary negotiation between an employer and an employee. First, we confirm the broadly accepted result that women are more risk averse than men. Gender differences in both employer and employee-subjects' behavior remain significant after risk attitudes are accounted for. In fact, we show that the reported gender differences are not because of but rather despite females' higher risk aversion. Gender effects are found to depend also on cultural differences. Greek and Spanish females reject more and offer lower wages than males. British subjects exhibit gender effects only with respect to employee behavior, but the sign of the effect is opposite to that observed in the case of Greece and Spain.

Keywords: Ultimatum bargaining; salaries; gender; risk attitudes; experiments (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C91 J30 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 51 pages
Date: 2007-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cbe, nep-exp and nep-upt
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