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The Impact of BMI on Mental Health: Further Evidence from Genetic Markers

Vikesh Amin, Carlos A. Flores () and Alfonso Flores-Lagunes ()
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Carlos A. Flores: California Polytechnic State University

No 13055, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: We estimate the effect of BMI on mental health for young adults and elderly individuals using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and the Health & Retirement Study. To tackle confounding due to unobserved factors, we exploit variation in a polygenic score (PGS) for BMI within two complementary econometric methods that differ in the assumptions they employ. First, we use the BMI PGS as an IV and adjust for PGSs for other factors (depression and educational attainment) that may invalidate this IV. We find a large statistically significant effect of BMI on mental health for the elderly: a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI (a difference equivalent to moving from overweight to obese) increases the probability of depression by 29%. In contrast, for young adults the IV estimates are statistically and economically insignificant. We show that IV estimates likely have to be interpreted as identifying a weighted average of effects of BMI on mental health mostly for compliers on the upper quantiles of the BMI distribution. Second, we use the BMI PGS as an "imperfect" IV and estimate an upper bound on the average treatment effect for the population. The estimated upper bounds reinforce the conclusions from the IV estimates.

Keywords: instrumental variables; genetics; depression; BMI (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I10 I12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 42 pages
Date: 2020-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-age and nep-hea
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Published - published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2020, 38, 100895

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Related works:
Journal Article: The impact of BMI on mental health: Further evidence from genetic markers (2020) Downloads
Working Paper: The Impact of BMI on Mental Health: Further Evidence from Genetic Markers (2019) Downloads
Working Paper: The Impact of BMI on Mental Health: Further Evidence from Genetic Markers (2019) Downloads
Working Paper: The Impact of BMI on Mental Health: Further Evidence from Genetic Markers (2019) Downloads
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