Agricultural Trade and Geopolitics: A Comparative Analysis of China-U.S. and China-Canada Trade Relations

Tony Fang (), Torin Pracek (), Jianghua Chen () and Wen-hao Chen ()
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Tony Fang: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Torin Pracek: Queen's University
Jianghua Chen: Hefei University
Wen-hao Chen: National Taipei University

No 18362, IZA Discussion Papers from IZA Network @ LISER

Abstract: This paper draws on trade data, academic literature, government reports, and policy documents to contextualize historic trade dynamics and trace the buildup to recent disputes. Using a comparative framework, we analyze how Sino-U.S. and Sino-Canada relations have shaped and continue to shape agri-food trade flows. Our analysis reveals structural vulnerabilities in U.S. and Canadian agricultural exports to China, emphasizing how reliance on a narrow set of commodities exposes both countries to economic losses resulting from China’s trade policies. Simultaneously, China’s dependence on a limited number of suppliers for large volumes of key commodities makes it vulnerable to price volatility and supply uncertainty.

Keywords: agri-trade; bilateral agreements; tariffs and non-tariff trade barriers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D74 Q11 Q17 Q18 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-02
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