The Baby Boom and World War II: A Macroeconomic Analysis

Matthias Doepke, Moshe Hazan () and Yishay Maoz
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Moshe Hazan: Hebrew University, Jerusalem

No 3253, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: We argue that one major cause of the U.S. postwar baby boom was the increased demand for female labor during World War II. We develop a quantitative dynamic general equilibrium model with endogenous fertility and female labor-force participation decisions. We use the model to assess the long-term implications of a one-time demand shock for female labor, such as the one experienced by American women during wartime mobilization. For the war generation, the shock leads to a persistent increase in female labor supply due to the accumulation of work experience. In contrast, younger women who turn adult after the war face increased labor-market competition, which impels them to exit the labor market and start having children earlier. In our calibrated model, this general-equilibrium effect generates a substantial baby boom followed by a baby bust, as well as patterns for age-specific labor-force participation and fertility rates that are consistent with U.S. data.

Keywords: fertility; baby boom; World War II; female labor-force participation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D58 E24 J13 J20 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 48 pages
Date: 2007-12
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dge, nep-his, nep-lab and nep-mac
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (46)

Published - published in: Review of Economic Studies, 2015, 82(3), 1031-1073

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Related works:
Journal Article: The Baby Boom and World War II: A Macroeconomic Analysis (2015)
Working Paper: The Baby Boom and WorldWar II: A Macroeconomic Analysis (2013)
Working Paper: The Baby Boom and World War II: A Macroeconomic Analysis (2008)
Working Paper: The Baby Boom and World War II: A Macroeconomic Analysis (2008)
Working Paper: The Baby Boom and World War II: A Macroeconomic Analysis (2008)
Working Paper: The Baby Boom and World War II: A Macroeconomic Analysis (2007)
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