On the Production of Victory: Empirical Determinants of Battlefield Success in Modern War

Ralph Rotte () and Christoph Schmidt
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Ralph Rotte: RWTH Aachen University

No 491, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: Using a data set of historical battles from 1600 to 1973, this paper analyzes the empirical determinants of tactical success in modern war. Based on a reduced form approach we consider key elements of military theory as factors in the production of combat success, formalized in a military production function. The paper focuses on the relationship of material and non-material factors to battlefield success, and especially on the role of superior force strengths. Contrary to the emphasis on technology which can be found in the recent literature, our estimation results indicate that numerical superiority has retained its crucial role for battlefield performance throughout history. In general, human elements of warfare, like leadership, morale and surprise, have continued to be important determinants of battle outcome despite technological progress in weapons.

Keywords: military production function; technical progress; leadership; numerical superiority; battlefield success; military technology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C25 D29 H56 N40 O39 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 33 pages
Date: 2002-05
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-mic and nep-pbe
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (11)

Published - published in: Defence and Peace Economics, 2003, 14 (3), 175-192

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Journal Article: On the production of victory: Empirical determinants of battlefield success in modern war (2003)
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