Fiscal Union in Europe? Redistributive and Stabilising Effects of an EU Tax-Benefit System

Olivier Bargain, Mathias Dolls, Clemens Fuest, Dirk Neumann (), Andreas Peichl, Nico Pestel and Sebastian Siegloch

No 6585, IZA Discussion Papers from Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)

Abstract: The current debt crisis has given rise to a debate about deeper fiscal integration in Europe. The view is widespread that moving towards a 'fiscal union' would have a stabilising effect in the event of macroeconomic shocks. In this paper we study the economic effects of introducing two elements of a fiscal union: Firstly, an EU-wide tax and transfer system and secondly, an EU-wide system of fiscal equalisation. Using the European tax-benefit calculator EUROMOD, we exploit representative household microdata from 11 Eurozone countries to simulate these policy reforms and to study their effects on the distribution of income as well as their impact on automatic fiscal stabilisers. We find that replacing one third of the national tax and transfer systems by a European system would lead to significant redistributive effects both within and across countries. These effects depend on income levels and the structures of the existing national tax and transfer systems. The EU system would improve fiscal stabilisation especially in credit constrained countries. It would absorb between 10 and 15 per cent of a macroeconomic income shock. Introducing a fiscal equalisation system based on taxing capacity would redistribute revenues from high to low income countries. The stabilisation properties of this system, however, are ambiguous. This suggests that not all forms of fiscal integration will improve macroeconomic stability in the Eurozone.

Keywords: fiscal union; automatic stabilisation; European income tax (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: H2 H3 J22 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 34 pages
Date: 2012-05
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eur, nep-pbe and nep-pub
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (11)

Published - revised version published as 'Fiscal Union in Europe? Redistributive and Stabilizing Effects of a European Tax-Benefit System and Fiscal Equalization Mechanism' in: Economic Policy, 2013, 28 (75), 375-422

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Working Paper: Fiscal union in Europe? Redistributive and stabilising effects of an EU tax-benefit system (2012)
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