Naked Exclusion: An Experimental Study of Contracts with Externalities

Claudia Landeo and Kathryn E. Spier

No 14115, NBER Working Papers from National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

Abstract: This paper reports the results of an experiment designed to assess the ability of an incumbent seller to profitably foreclose a market with exclusive contracts. We use the strategic environment described by Rasmusen, Ramseyer, and Wiley (1991) and Segal and Whinston (2000) where entry is unprofitable when sufficiently many downstream buyers sign exclusive contracts with the incumbent. When discrimination is impossible, the game resembles a stag-hunt (coordination) game in which the buyers' payoffs are endogenously chosen by the incumbent seller. Exclusion occurs when the buyers fail to coordinate on their preferred equilibrium. Two-way non-binding pre-play communication among the buyers lowers the power of exclusive contracts and induces more generous contract terms from the seller. When discrimination and communication are possible, the exclusion rate rises. Divide-and-conquer strategies are observed more frequently when buyers can communicate with each other. Exclusion rates are significantly higher when the buyers' payoffs are endogenously chosen rather than exogenously given. Finally, secret offers are shown to decrease the incumbent's power to profitably exclude.

JEL-codes: C72 C90 K21 K41 L12 L40 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2008-06
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-com, nep-cta, nep-exp, nep-gth and nep-law
Note: LE
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

Published as Claudia M. Landeo & Kathryn E. Spier, 2009. "Naked Exclusion: An Experimental Study of Contracts with Externalities," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(5), pages 1850-77, December.

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Journal Article: Naked Exclusion: An Experimental Study of Contracts with Externalities (2009)
Working Paper: Naked Exclusion: An Experimental Study of Contracts with Externalities (2007)
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